GLS

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NAME

ls, dir, vdir - list contents of directories  

SYNOPSIS

ls [-abcdgiklmnpqrstuxABCFLNQRSUX1] [-w cols] [-T cols] [-I pattern] [+all] [+escape] [+directory] [+inode] [+kilobytes] [+numeric-uid-gid] [+hide-control-chars] [+reverse] [+size] [+width cols] [+tabsize cols] [+almost-all] [+ignore-backups] [+classify] [+file-type] [+ignore pattern] [+dereference] [+literal] [+quote-name] [+recursive] [+sort {none,time,size,extension}] [+format {long,verbose,commas,across,vertical,single-column}] [+time {atime,access,use,ctime,status}] [path...]  

DESCRIPTION

This manual page documents the GNU version of ls. dir and vdir are versions of ls with different default output formats. These programs list each given file or directory path. Directory contents are sorted alphabetically. For ls, files are by default listed in columns, sorted vertically, if the standard output is a terminal; otherwise they are listed one per line. For dir, files are by default listed in columns, sorted vertically. For vdir, files are by default listed in long format.  

OPTIONS

-a, +all
List all files in directories, including all files that start with `.'.
-b, +escape
Quote nongraphic characters in file names using alphabetic and octal backslash sequences like those used in C.
-c, +time=ctime, +time=status
Sort directory contents according to the files' status change time instead of the modification time. If the long listing format is being used, print the status change time instead of the modification time.
-d, +directory
List directories like other files, rather than listing their contents.
-g
Ignored; for Unix compatibility.
-i, +inode
Print the index number of each file to the left of the file name.
-k, +kilobytes
If file sizes are being listed, print them in kilobytes instead of in 512-byte blocks.
-l, +format=long, +format=verbose
In addition to the name of each file, print the file type, permissions, number of hard links, owner name, group name, size in bytes, and timestamp (the modification time unless other times are selected).
-m, +format=commas
List files horizontally, with as many as will fit on each line, separated by commas.
-n, +numeric-uid-gid
List the numeric UID and GID instead of the names.
-p
Append a character to each file name indicating the file type.
-q, +hide-control-chars
Print question marks instead of nongraphic characters in file names.
-r, +reverse
Sort directory contents in reverse order.
-s, +size
Print the size of each file in 512-byte blocks to the left of the file name.
-t, +sort=time
Sort directory contents by timestamp instead of alphabetically, with the newest files listed first.
-u, +time=atime, +time=access, +time=use
Sort directory contents according to the files' last access time instead of the modification time. If the long listing format is being used, print the last access time instead of the modification time.
-x, +format=across, +format=horizontal
List the files in columns, sorted horizontally.
-A, +almost-all
List all files in directories except for `.' and `..'.
-B, +ignore-backups
Do not list files that end with `~', unless they are given on the command line.
-C, +format=vertical
List files in columns, sorted vertically.
-F, +classify
Append a character to each file name indicating the file type. For regular files that are executable, append a `*'. The file type indicators are `/' for directories, `@' for symbolic links, `|' for FIFOs, `=' for sockets, and nothing for regular files.
-L, +dereference
List the files linked to by symbolic links instead of listing the contents of the links.
-N, +literal
Do not quote file names.
-Q, +quote-name
Enclose file names in double quotes and quote nongraphic characters as in C.
-R, +recursive
List the contents of all directories recursively.
-S, +sort=size
Sort directory contents by file size instead of alaphabetically, with the largest files listed first.
-U, +sort=none
Do not sort directory contennts.
-X, +sort=extension
Sort directory contents alphabetically by file extension (characters after the last `.'); files with no extension are sorted first.
-1, +format=single-column
List one file per line.
-w, +width cols
Assume the screen is cols columns wide. The default is taken from the terminal driver if possible; otherwise the environment variable COLUMNS is used if it is set; otherwise the default is 80.
-T, +tabsize cols
Assume that each tabstop is cols columns wide. The default is 8.
-I, +ignore pattern
Do not list files that match the shell pattern pattern unless they are given on the command line.


 

Index

NAME
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS

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Time: 09:46:53 GMT, January 08, 2023